Why Libraries? What Would Aristotle Say?
Libraries exist to serve people. People, in turn, are born to learn. If all goes well, learning leads to knowledge, knowledge leads to wisdom, and wisdom leads to happiness.

The 1970’s BBC sitcom, The Good Life, suggested happiness could be found in growing veg, pigs and chickens in the backyard. Aristotle, 384–322 BC, approached the happiness problem a little more philosophically, if arguably with equal pragmatism and zany verve.
Aristotle argued that wisdom is needed to live a good life. When we scrape away the ‘hows’ and ‘whats’ of libraries, and focus on the ‘whys’, we are confronted with a profoundly simple idea—libraries exist to facilitate learning. If ‘learning leads to knowledge which leads to wisdom which leads to happiness’ is true, than libraries are in the happiness business.
Aristotle begins his Metaphysics with the assertion “All men by nature desire to know…” (1). In his Nicomachean Ethics, he discusses five kinds of knowledge: (2)
- Technê — Practical knowledge, production, art, skill, crafts
- Epistêmê — Science, knowledge of fundamental things
- Phronêsis — Practical wisdom
- Sophia — Philosophic reason
- Nous — Intuitive reason
Aristotle holds that not all types of knowledge are equally important towards people’s ultimate goal, that is, of living well. He argued that practical wisdom (phronêsis) and philosophic reason (sophia) were the two most important types of knowledge for living happily. Aristotle suggests our goal as people is to flourish, or to use his word, to live in a state of eudaimonia, which could be translated as living happily, doing and living well. Aristotle says that the eudaimonic life is one of “virtuous activity in accordance with reason”. (3)
How might we, today, summarize the task of libraries while riding an elevator between just two floors? As State Librarian Jennie Stapp puts it, “the goal of libraries is to help people thrive.”
I think Aristotle, looking up from his cup of coffee as we step off the elevator, would grin and nod his head in agreement.
-Bruce Newell, Helena, MT
(1) https://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/metaphysics.mb.txt


